Difference between SharePoint designer workflows and custom workflows in SharePoint 2010 :
There are some differences between designer workflow and custom workflow.
- Only sequential workflows can be created in SharePoint Designer; state machine workflows cannot be created in SharePoint Designer.
- Deployment and moving is easy in custom workflows when compared to SharePoint designer workflows.
- Visual Studio can have code-behind.
- Visual Studio generates a workflow template which can be easily be deployed, SharePoint Designer workflows are typically built against specific lists and sites.
- Visual Studio allows for debugging.