Difference between SharePoint Foundation 2010 and SharePoint Server 2010
SharePoint Foundation 2010 :
You can find here some of the more important features of SharePoint Foundation:
SharePoint Foundation 2010 is built upon Windows Server 2008, SQL Server 2008, IIS and .NET 3.5. All you need is a licensed copy of Windows Server 2008. There are no other licensing costs unless you want the full-fledged version of SQL Server.
SharePoint Foundation 2010 is equivalent of WSS i.e. new WSS version 4.
SharePoint Server 2010 uses the all features of SharePoint Foundation 2010 and then added a many other features and functionality which are useful for SharePoint application development.
SharePoint Foundation 2010 + SharePoint Server 2010This is the licensed version of SharePoint, offering a business collaboration platform for the enterprise. It replaces Microsoft Office SharePoint Server (MOSS) 2007
SharePoint Server 2010 :
SharePoint Server 2010 uses the all features of SharePoint Foundation 2010 and then added a many other features and functionality which are useful for SharePoint application development.
SharePoint Foundation 2010 + SharePoint Server 2010
SharePoint Server 2010 provides the added functionality or features like Advance Search, display, and edit content in external databases, such as SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL, using the Business Connectivity Service.
More exposure towards MS Visio Diagrams, Excel Spreadsheet integration as a webparts on the portal.